The fields are characterised in-situ and match their desired forms to high accuracy. Here, we demonstrate a solution by designing multiple coils overlaid on a 3D-printed former to generate three uniform and three constant linear gradient magnetic fields inside the capped cylindrical magnetic shield of a cold atom interferometer. The high permeability shield, however, distorts all magnetic fields, including those generated inside the sensor. Typically, background magnetic fields are attenuated using high permeability magnetic shielding, with the cancelling of residual and introduction of quantisation fields implemented with coils inside the shield. Due to shifts in atomic energy levels, quantum sensors often have stringent requirements on their internal magnetic field environment. Quantum sensors based on cold atoms are being developed which produce measurements of unprecedented accuracy.
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